Chemistry Research Part 1 Acids Essay

Ethanoic acid is non-toxic and is a faded acid 4, meaning it will not do any damage to well-nigh surfaces as it does not corrode or bind to other metals, therefore suffer be easily despatchd through moping or rinsing it 2. DisadvantagesEthanoic Acid is the slowest de-scaler of the three acids, and is therefore the least effective. It also may cause an unpleasant smell, and can have a negative effect on the taste of coffee 6 meaning one would need to spend longer time rinsing and cleaning the machine thoroughly to ensure that the taste of the coffee is not affected. Citric AcidAdvantagesCitric acid leaves behind zero toxic residues and has just enough acidic concentration to descale without etching or damaging household surfaces in any way and there are no volatile compounds or products that harm the environment. DisadvantagesBecause citric acid is a weak acid, it wont remove heavy build-up of scale very quickly. It is also a powder hence it must be dissolved for use. It also whole kit and caboodle best with hot wet meaning there will be higher energy consumption. Even when used with hot water, citric acid is not as effective at descaling as Sulfamic acid. Sulfamic AcidAdvantagesSulfamic acid is the fastest de-scaler It dissociates into hydroxonium ions more readily in aqueous solution than the others, therefore giving a greater concentration of atoms that are able to react with the calcium in lime scale. It is safe to use because it does not produce chlorine gas 5, which can be toxic. Sulfamic acid also has a low volatility. DisadvantagesSulfamic Acid can be an irritant to eyes or skin and is the most expensive of the de-scalers. Q2) How these de-scalers remove limescaleLimescale put to works when hard water is heated above 61C or when it is left to evaporate on surfaces such as taps and showerheads. Hard water is water that contains high quantities of calcium and magnesium ions. These hardness minerals, in the form of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, precipitate out of hard water to form limescale 1.Therefore, to clean or remove limescale, something needs to dissolve or soften calcium carbonate and/or magnesium carbonate, so it can easily wash away. Acids cause mineral deposits such as rust to oxidise, thereby weakening them and making it possible to simply wash them away. Lime scale removers work by chemically reacting with the lime scale to form safe chemicals and ions.Lime scale is Calcium Carbonate, and when broken down by strong acids, produces Calcium Chloride, Water and CO2. These are much safer, and can be washed away with water, to remove the CaCl from the area. Bibliography1 http//www.dynapipe.co.uk/how-to-remove-limescale.htm2 http//www.coffeehomedirect.com/how/to/clean/a/coffee/maker/with/vinegar 3 http//www.ehow.co.uk/how_7404899_delime-coffee-maker.html 4 http//incarinsurance.org/advantages/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-using-ethanoic-acid-as-a-descaler-.html 5 http//uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/inde x?qid=20130123013345AA71LkB 6 http//www.p4c.philips.com/cgi-bin/dcbint/cpindex.pl?scy=ZAslg=ENGctn=HD5405/60dct=FAQrefnr=0092154 make=aa12_view_partial.htmlsession=20120502004843_66.249.71.242faqview=1